CHRIST
ALTOGETHER LOVELY
by
John Flavel
"His mouth is most sweet: yea he is altogether lovely.
This is my beloved, and this is
my friend, O daughters of Jerusalem."
{Song of Solomon}
Song of Songs 5:16
CHRIST ALTOGETHER LOVELY
- Christ is to be Loved
- What is Meant by "Altogether Lovely"
- He is Lovely in His Person
- He is Lovely in His Offices
- He is Lovely in His Relations
- Application
I. CHRIST IS TO BE LOVED
AT the ninth verse of this chapter, you have a question put forth by the daughters of
Jerusalem, "What is your beloved more than another beloved?" The spouse answers, "He is the
chief among ten thousand." She then recounts many of the things she finds so excellent in her
beloved and then concludes with these words that I have read: "Yes, he is altogether
lovely."
The words set forth the transcendent loveliness of the Lord Jesus Christ, and naturally resolve
themselves into three parts:
- Who he is.
- What he is.
- What he is like.
First,
Who he is: the Lord Jesus Christ, after whom she had been seeking, for whom she was
overcome by love; concerning whom these daughters of Jerusalem had enquired: whom she had
struggled to describe in his particular excellencies. He is the great and excellent subject of whom
she here speaks.
Secondly,
What he is, or what she claims of him: That he is a lovely one. The Hebrew word, which is often
translated "desires," means "to earnestly desire, covet, or long after that which is most pleasant,
graceful, delectable and admirable." The original word is both in the abstract, and plural in
number, which says that Christ is the very essence of all delights and pleasures, the very soul and
substance of them. As all the rivers are gathered into the ocean, which is the meeting-place of all
the waters in the world, so Christ is that ocean in which all true delights and pleasures
meet.
Thirdly,
What he is like: He is altogether lovely, the every part to be desired. He is lovely when taken
together, and in every part; as if she had said, "Look on him in what respect or particular you
wish; cast your eye upon this lovely object, and view him any way, turn him in your serious
thoughts which way you wish; consider his person, his offices, his works, or any other thing
belonging to him; you will find him altogether lovely, There is nothing disagreeable in him,
there is nothing lovely without him." Hence note,
DOCTRINE:
That Jesus Christ is the loveliest person souls can set their eyes upon:
"Thou art fairer than the children of men." Psalm 14:2.
- He is "Altogether Lovely"
- Here it is said of Jesus Christ, which cannot be said of any mere creature, that he is
"altogether lovely."
In opening this point I shall,
- Examine the importance of this phrase "altogether lovely."
- Show you in what respect Christ is so.
II. WHAT IS MEANT BY "ALTOGETHER LOVELY"
Let us consider this excellent expression, and particularly reflect on what is contained in it, and
you shall find this expression "altogether lovely."
FIRST,
It excludes all unloveliness and disagreeableness from Jesus Christ. As a theologian long ago
said,
"There is nothing in him which is not loveable." The excellencies of Jesus Christ are perfectly
exclusive of all their opposites; there is nothing of a contrary property or quality found in him to
contaminate or devaluate his excellency. And in this respect Christ infinitely transcends the most
excellent and loveliest of created things. Whatsoever loveliness is found in them, it is not
without
a bad aftertaste. The fairest pictures must have their shadows: The rarest and most brilliant gems
must have dark backgrounds to set off their beauty; the best creature is but a bitter sweet at best:
If there is something pleasing, there is also something sour. if a person has every ability, both
innate and acquired, to delight us, yet there is also some natural corruption intermixed with it to
put us off. But it is not so in our altogether lovely Christ, his excellencies are pure and unmixed.
He is a sea of sweetness without one drop of gall.
SECONDLY,
"Altogether lovely," i.e. There is nothing unlovely found in him, so all that is in him is wholly
lovely. As every ray of God is precious, so every thing that is in Christ is precious: Who can
weigh Christ in a pair of balances, and tell you what his worth is? "His price is above rubies, and
all that thou canst desire is not to be compared with him," Prov. 8:11.
THIRDLY,
"Altogether lovely," i.e. He embraces all things that are lovely: he seals up the sum of all
loveliness. Things that shine as single stars with a particular glory, all meet in Christ as a
glorious
constellation. Col. 1:19, "It pleased the Father that in him should all fullness dwell." Cast your
eyes among all created beings, survey the universe: you will observe strength in one, beauty in a
second, faithfulness in a third, wisdom in a fourth; but you shall find none excelling in them all
as
Christ does. Bread has one quality, water another, raiment another, medicine another; but none
has them all in itself as Christ does. He is bread to the hungry, water to the thirsty, a garment to
the naked, healing to the wounded; and whatever a soul can desire is found in him, 1 Cor.
1:30.
FOURTHLY,
"Altogether lovely," i.e. Nothing is lovely in opposition to him, or in separation from him. If he
truly is altogether lovely, then whatsoever is opposite to him, or separate from him can have no
loveliness in it. Take away Christ, and where is the loveliness of any enjoyment? The best
creature-comfort apart from Christ is but a broken cistern. It cannot hold one drop of true
comfort, Psalm 73:26. It is with the creature--the sweetest and loveliest creature--as with a
beautiful image in the mirror: turn away the face and where is the image? Riches, honours, and
comfortable relations are sweet when the face of Christ smiles upon us through them; but
without
him, what empty trifles are they all?
FIFTHLY,
"Altogether lovely," i.e. Transcending all created excellencies in beauty and loveliness. If you
compare Christ and other things, no matter how lovely, no matter how excellent and desirable,
Christ carries away all loveliness from them. "He is (as the apostle says) before all things," Col.
1:17. Not only before all things in time, nature, and order; but before all things in dignity, glory,
and true excellence. In all things he must have the pre-eminence. Let us but compare Christ's
excellence with the creature's in a few particulars, and how manifest will the transcendent
loveliness of Jesus Christ appear! For,
- All other loveliness is derived and secondary; but the loveliness of Christ is original and
primary. Angels and men, the world and all the desirable things in it, receive what excellence
they
crave from him. They are streams from the fountain. The farther any thing departs from its
fountain and original, the less excellency there is in it.
- The loveliness and excellency of all other things, is only relative, consisting in its reference
to Christ, and subservience to his glory. But Christ is lovely, considered absolutely in himself.
He
is desirable for himself; other things are desirable because of him.
- The beauty and loveliness of all other things are fading and perishing; but the loveliness of
Christ is fresh for all eternity. The sweetness of the best created thing is a fading flower; if not
before, yet certainly at death it must fade away. Job 4:21. "Doth not their excellency, which is in
them, go away?" Yes, yes, whether they are the natural excellencies of the body, acquired
endowments of the mind, lovely features, graceful qualities, or anything else we find attractive;
all
these like pleasant flowers are withered, faded, and destroyed by death. "But Christ is still the
same, yesterday, today, and for ever," Heb. 13:8.
- The beauty and holiness of creatures are ensnaring and dangerous. A man may make an
idol out of them, and indulge himself beyond the bounds of moderation with them, but there is
no
danger of excess in the love of Christ. The soul is then in the healthiest frame and temper when
it
is most overwhelmed by love to Christ, Song of Songs 5:8.
- The loveliness of every creature is of a confining and obstructing nature. Our esteem of it
diminishes the closer we approach to it, or the longer we enjoy it. Creatures, like pictures, are
fairest at a certain distance, but it is not so with Christ; the nearer the soul approaches him, and
the longer it lives in the enjoyment of him, still the sweeter and more desirable he
becomes.
- All other loveliness cannot satisfy the soul of man. There is not scope enough in any one
created thing, or in all the natural universe of created things for the soul of man to reach out and
expand; but the soul still feels itself confined and narrowed within those limits. This comes to
pass
from the inadequacy and unsuitableness of the creature to the nobler and more excellent soul of
man. The soul is like a ship in a narrow river which does not have room to turn. It is always
running aground and foundering in the shallows. But Jesus Christ is in every way sufficient to
the
vast desires of the soul; in him it has sea-room enough. In him the soul may spread all its sails
with no fear of touching bottom. And thus you see what is the importance of this phrase,
"Altogether lovely."
How Christ is "Altogether Lovely"
Secondly, Next I promised to show you in what respects Jesus Christ is altogether
lovely:
III. HE IS LOVELY IN HIS PERSON
First,
He is altogether lovely in his person: he is Deity dwelling in flesh, John 1:14. The wonderful,
perfect union of the divine and human nature in Christ renders him an object of admiration and
adoration to both angels and men, 1 Tim. 3:16. God never presented to the world such a vision of
glory before. Consider how the human nature of our Lord Jesus Christ is overflowing with all the
graces of the Spirit, in such a way as never any of the saints was filled. O what a lovely picture
does this paint of him! John 3:34, "God gives the Spirit [to him] without limit." This makes him
"the most excellent of men and [his] lips have been anointed with grace," Psalm 45:2. If a small
measure of grace in the saints makes them sweet and desirable companions, what must the
riches
of the Spirit of grace filling Jesus Christ without measure make him in the eyes of believers? O
what a glory must it fix upon him!
HE IS LOVELY IN HIS OFFICES
Secondly,
He is altogether lovely in his offices: let us consider for a moment the suitability, fullness, and
comforting nature of them.
First, The suitability of the offices of Christ to the miseries of men. We cannot but adore the
infinite wisdom of his receiving them. We are, by nature, blind and ignorant, at best but groping
in
the dim light of nature after God, Acts 17:27. Jesus Christ is a light to lighten the Gentiles, Isa.
49:6. When this great prophet came into the world, then did the day-spring from on high visit us,
Luke 1:78. By nature we are alienated from, and at enmity against God; Christ comes into the
world to be an atoning sacrifice, making peace by the blood of his cross, Col. 1:20. All the
world,
by nature, is in bondage and captivity to Satan, a miserable slavery. Christ comes with kingly
power, to rescue sinners, as a prey from the mouth of the terrible one.
Secondly, Let the fullness of his offices be also considered, which make him able "to save to the
uttermost, all that come to God by him," Heb. 7:25. The three offices, comprising in them all
that
our souls do need, become an universal relief to all our distresses; and therefore,
Thirdly, Unspeakably comforting must the offices of Christ be to the souls of sinners. If light be
pleasant to our eyes, how pleasant is that light of life springing from the Sun of righteousness!
Mal. 4:2. If a pardon be sweet to a condemned criminal, how sweet must the sprinkling the
blood
of Jesus be to the trembling conscience of a law-condemned sinner? If a rescue from a cruel
tyrant
is sweet to a poor captive, how sweet must it be to the ears of enslaved sinners, to hear the voice
of liberty and deliverance proclaimed by Jesus Christ? Out of the several offices of Christ, as out
of so many fountains, all the promises of the new covenant flow, as so many soul-refreshing
streams of peace and joy. All the promises of illumination, counsel and direction flow out of
Christ's prophetic office. All the promises of reconciliation, peace, pardon, and acceptation flow
out of his priestly office, with the sweet streams of joy and spiritual comforts which accompany
it.
All the promises of converting, increasing, defending, directing, and supplying grace, flow out of
the kingly office of Christ; indeed, all promises may be reduced to these three offices, so that
Jesus Christ must be altogether lovely in his offices.
HE IS LOVELY IN HIS RELATIONS
First,
He is a lovely Redeemer, Isa. 61:1. He came to open the prison-doors to them that are bound.
Needs must this Redeemer be a lovely one, if we consider the depth of misery from which he
redeemed us, even "from the wrath to come," 1 Thess. 1:10. Consider the numbers redeemed,
and
the means of their redemption. Rev. 5:9, "And they sang a new song, saying, 'You are worthy to
take the book, and to open the seals thereof: for you were slain, and have redeemed us to God by
your blood, out of every kindred and tongue, and people and nation.'" He redeemed us not with
silver and gold, but with his own precious blood, by way of price, 1 Pet. 1:18,19. with his
out-stretched and glorious arm, by way of power, Col. 1:13. he redeemed us freely, Eph. 1:7,
fully Rom. 8:1, at the right time, Gal. 4:4, and out of special and particular love, John 17:9. In a
word, he has redeemed us for ever, never more to come into bondage, 1 Pet. 1:5. John 10:28. O
how lovely is Jesus Christ in the relation of a Redeemer to God's elect!
Secondly,
He is a lovely bridegroom to all that he betroths to himself. How does the church glory in him, in
the words following my text; "this is my Beloved, and this is my Friend, O ye daughters of
Jerusalem!" Heaven and earth cannot show anyone like him, which needs no fuller proof than
the
following particulars:
- That he betroths to himself, in mercy and in loving kindness, such deformed, defiled, and
altogether unworthy souls as we are. We have no beauty, no goodness to make us desirable in his
eyes; all the origins of his love to us are in his own breast, Deut. 7:7. He chooses us, not because
we were, but in order that he might make us lovely Eph. 5:27. He came to us when we lay in our
blood, and said unto us, "Live"; and that was the time of love, Ezek. 16:5.
- He expects no restitution from us, and yet gives himself, and all that he has, to us. Our
poverty cannot enrich him, but he made himself poor to enrich us, 2 Cor. 8:9. 1 Cor.
3:22.
- No husband loves the wife of his bosom, as much as Christ loved his people, Eph. 5:25. He
loved the church and gave him self for it.
- No one bears with weaknesses and provocations as Christ does; the church is called "the
Lamb's wife," Rev. 19:9.
- No husband is so undying and everlasting a husband as Christ is; death separates all other
relations, but the soul's union with Christ is not dissolved in the grave. Indeed, the day of a
believer's death is his marriage day, the day of his fullest enjoyment of Christ. No husband can
say
to his wife, what Christ says to the believer, "I will never leave you, nor forsake you," Heb.
8:5.
- No bridegroom enriches his bride with such honours by marriage, as Christ does; he makes
them related to God as their father, and from that day the mighty and glorious angels think it no
dishonour to be their servants, Heb. 1:14. The angels will admire the beauty and glory of the
spouse of Christ, Rev. 21:9.
- No marriage was ever consummated with such triumphal proceedings as the marriage of
Christ and believers shall be in heaven, Psalm 14:14,15. "She shall be brought to the king in
raiment of needle-work, the virgins, her companions that follow her, shall be brought unto thee;
with gladness and rejoicing shall they be brought; they shall enter into the king's palace." Among
the Jews, the marriage-house was called the house of praise; there was joy upon all hands, but
nothing like the joy that will be in heaven when believers, the spouse of Christ, shall be brought
there. God the Father will rejoice to behold the blessed accomplishment and confirmation of
those
glorious plans of his love. Jesus Christ, the Bridegroom will rejoice to see the travail of his soul,
the blessed birth and product of all his bitter pains and agonies, Isa. 53:11. The Holy Spirit will
rejoice to see the completion and perfection of that sanctifying design which was committed to
his
hand, 2 Cor. 5:5, to see those souls whom he once found as rough stones, now to shine as the
bright, polished stones of the spiritual temple. Angels will rejoice: great was the joy when the
foundation of this design was laid, in the incarnation of Christ, Luke 2:13. Great therefore must
their joy be, when the top-stone is set up with shouting, crying, "Grace, grace." The saints
themselves shall rejoice unspeakably, when they shall enter into the King's palace, and be
forever
with the Lord, 1 Thes. 4:17. Indeed there will be joy on all hands, except among the devils and
damned, who shall gnash their teeth with envy at the everlasting advancement and glory of
believers. Thus Christ is altogether lovely, in the relation of a Bridegroom.
Thirdly,
- He makes our cause his own, and acts for us in heaven, as if for himself, Heb. 4:15. He is
touched with a most tender understanding of our troubles and dangers, and is not only one with
us by way of representation, but also one with us in respect of sympathy and affection.
- Christ our Advocate tracks our cause and business in heaven, as his great and primary
design and business. For this reason in Hebrews 7:25. he is said to "live for ever to make
intercession for us." It is as if our concerns were so attended to by him there, that all the glory
and
honour which is paid him in heaven would not divert him one moment from our
business.
- He pleads the cause of believers by his blood. Unlike other advocates, it is not enough for
him to lay out only words, which is a cheaper way of pleading; but he pleads for us by the voice
of
his own blood, as in Heb. 12:24, where we are said to be come "to the blood of sprinkling, that
speaketh better things than that of Abel." Every wound he received for us on earth is a mouth
opened to plead with God on our behalf in heaven. And hence it is, that in Rev. 5:6 he is
represented standing before God, as a lamb that had been slain; as it were exhibiting and
revealing
in heaven those deadly wounds received on earth from the justice of God, on our account. Other
advocates spend their breath, Christ spends his blood.
- He pleads the cause of believers freely. Other advocates plead for reward, and empty the
purses, while they plead the causes of their clients.
- In a word, he obtains for us all the mercies for which he pleads. No cause miscarries in his
hand, which he undertakes, Rom. 8:33, 34. 0 what a lovely Advocate is Christ for believers!
Fourthly,
Christ is altogether lovely in the relation of a friend, for in this relation he is pleased to
acknowledge his people, Luke 12:4, 5. There are certain things in which one friend manifests his
affection and friendship to another, but there is not one like Christ. For,
- No friend is so open-hearted to his friend as Christ is to his people: he reveals the very
counsels and secrets of his heart to them. John 15:15. "Henceforth I call you not servants, for the
servant knows not what his Lord does; but I have called you friends; for all things that I have
heard of my Father, I have made known unto you.
- No friend in the world is so generous and bountiful to his friend, as Jesus Christ is to
believers; he parts with his very blood for them; "Greater love (he says) has no man than this,
that
a man lay down his life for his friends," John 15:13. He has exhausted the precious treasures of
his
invaluable blood to pay our debts. O what a lovely friend is Jesus Christ to believers!
- No friend sympathizes so tenderly with his friend in affliction, as Jesus Christ does with his
friends: "In all our afflictions he is afflicted," Heb. 4:15. He feels all our sorrows, needs and
burdens as his own. This is why it is said that the sufferings of believers are called the sufferings
of
Christ, Col. 1:24.
- No friend in the world takes that contentment in his friends, as Jesus Christ does in
believers. Song of Songs 4:9. "You have ravished my heart, (he says to the spouse) you have
ravished my heart with one of your eyes, with one chain of your neck." The Hebrew, here
rendered "ravished," signifies to puff up, or to make one proud: how the Lord Jesus is pleased to
glory in his people! How he is taken and delighted with those gracious ornaments which himself
bestows upon them! There is no friend so lovely as Christ.
- No friend in the world loves his friend with as impassioned and strong affection as Jesus
Christ loves believers. Jacob loved Rachel, and endured for her sake the parching heat of
summer
and cold of winter; but Christ endured the storms of the wrath of God, the heat of his
indignation,
for our sakes. David manifested his love to Absalom, in wishing, "O that I had died for you!"
Christ manifested his love to us, not in wishes that he had died, but in death itself, in our stead,
and for our sakes.
- No friend in the world is so constant and unchangeable in friendship as Christ is. John 13:1,
"Having loved his own which were in the world, he loved them unto the end." He bears with
millions of provocations and wrongs, and yet will not break friendship with his people. Peter
denied him, yet he will not disown him; but after his resurrection he says, "Go, tell the disciples,
and tell Peter." Let him not think he has forfeited by that sin of his, his interest in me. Though he
denied me, I will not disown him, Mark 16:7. 0 how lovely is Christ in the relation of a friend!
I might further show you the loveliness of Christ in his ordinances and in his providences, in his
communion with us and communications to us, but there is no end of the account of Christ's
loveliness: I will rather choose to press believers to their duties towards this altogether lovely
Christ, which I shall briefly conclude in a few words.
APPLICATION
- Is Jesus Christ altogether lovely? Then I beseech you set your souls upon this lovely Jesus.
I am sure such an object as has been here represented, would compel love from the coldest
breast
and hardest heart. Away with those empty nothings, away with this vain deceitful world, which
deserves not the thousandth part of the love you give it. Let all stand aside and give way to
Christ. O if only you knew his worth and excellency, what he is in himself, what he has done for
you, and deserved from you, you would need no arguments of mine to persuade you to love him!
- Esteem nothing lovely except as it is enjoyed in Christ, or used for the sake of Christ. Love
nothing for itself, love nothing separate from Jesus Christ. In two things we all sin in love of
created things. We sin in the excess of our affections, loving them above the proper value of
mere
created things. We also sin in the inordinacy of our affections, that is to say we give our love for
created things a priority it should never have.
- Let us all be humbled for the corruption of our hearts that are so eager in their affections
for vanities and trifles and so hard to be persuaded to the love of Christ, who is altogether lovely.
O how many pour out streams of love and delight upon the vain and empty created thing; while
no arguments can draw forth one drop of love from their stubborn and unbelieving hearts to
Jesus
Christ! I have read of one Joannes Mollius, who was observed to go often alone, and weep
bitterly; and being pressed by a friend to know the cause of his troubles, said "O! it grieves me
that I cannot bring this heart of mine to love Jesus Christ more fervently."
- Represent Christ to the world as he is, by your behaviour towards him. Is he altogether
lovely? Let all the world see and know that he is so, by your delights in him and communion
with
him; zeal for him, and readiness to part with any other lovely thing upon his account. Proclaim
his
excellencies to the world, as the spouse did in these verses. Persuade them how much your
beloved is better than any other beloved. Show his glorious excellencies as you speak of him;
hold
him forth to others, as he is in himself: altogether lovely. See that you "walk worthy of him unto
all well pleasing," Col. 1:10. "Show forth the praises of Christ," 1 Pet. 2:19. Let not that "worthy
name be blasphemed through you," James 2:7. He is glorious in himself, and he is sure to put
glory upon you; take heed that you do not put shame and dishonours upon him; he has
committed
his honour to you, do not betray that trust.
- Never be ashamed to be counted as a Christian: he is altogether lovely; he can never be a
shame to you; it will be your great sin to be ashamed of him. Some men glory in their shame; do
not let yourself be ashamed of your glory. If you will be ashamed of Christ now, he will be
ashamed of you when he shall appear in his own glory, and the glory of all his holy angels. Be
ashamed of nothing but sin; and among other sins, be ashamed especially for this sin, that you
have no more love for him who is altogether lovely.
- Be willing to leave every thing that is lovely upon earth, in order that you may be with the
altogether lovely Lord Jesus Christ in heaven. Lift up your voices with the bride, Rev. 20:20
"Come Lord Jesus, come quickly." It is true, you must pass through the pangs of death into his
intimacy and enjoyment; but surely it is worth suffering much more than that to be with this
lovely
Jesus. "The Lord direct your hearts into the love of God, and the patient waiting for Jesus
Christ,"
2 Thes. 3:5.
- Let the loveliness of Christ draw all men to him. Is loveliness in the creature so attractive?
And can the transcendent loveliness of Christ draw none? O the blindness of man! If you see no
beauty in Christ that causes you to desire him, it is because the god of this world has blinded
your
minds.
- Strive to be Christ-like, if ever you would be lovely in the eyes of God and man. Certainly,
my brethren, it is only the Spirit of Christ within you, and the beauty of Christ upon you, which
can make you lovely persons. The more you resemble him in holiness, the more will you show of
true excellence and loveliness; and the more frequent and spiritual your communication and
communion with Christ is, the more of the beauty and loveliness of Christ will be stamped upon
your spirits, changing you into the same image, from glory to glory. Amen.
END of ARTICLE
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